Climate, environment and health

TOPIC

Climate, environment and health

Climate, environment and health

The World Health Organization (WHO) defines health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being. The concept of environment has also evolved and, today, indicates the network of relationships between living communities, including man, and the physical environment, making the binomial environment / health inseparable.

The environment, pollution and changes in the climate all play a priority role in the well-being and health of populations. WHO estimates that 1 in 4 deaths worldwide are attributable to environmental factors that contribute to a wide spectrum of diseases and infirmities with greater effects on vulnerable sections of the population, specifically children and the elderly. The global strategy for health, the environment and climate change provides for a convergent and multisectoral approach in order to ensure safe and accessible environments according to principles of equity and sustainability.

The Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS, the National Institute of Health in Italy) is at the forefront of identifying and promoting adequate strategies to prevent the risk of diseases due to environmental factors and to transfer scientific evidence into public health programs and policies. The activities carried out in this area concern the quality of water, soil, air and indoor environments, waste management, the effects of emerging pollutants and climate change on ecosystems, human exposure to environmental agents and their toxicity mechanisms, and the health effects of exposure to environmental risk factors. Research activities converge towards an integrated evaluation approach that includes the physical, social, economic, ecological and cultural environment of the territorial context in order to promote human health and environmental sustainability according to the integrated objectives of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.



Back Approccio combinato per lo studio della tossicità e della genotossicità in vivo delle micotossine beauvericina (BEA) e enniatina B (ENNB)

Le micotossine sono sostanze tossiche prodotte dal metabolismo secondario di alcuni funghi filamentosi o muffe (Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, Stachyobotris, Cephalosporium, ecc.). La beauvericina (BEA) e enniatina B (ENNB) sono micotossine emergenti presenti in alimenti e mangimi.

Rispondendo ad una specifica richiesta dell’ Autorità europea per la sicurezza alimentare (EFSA) il gruppo di tossicologia del Centro di Riferimento per la Medicina di Genere si è occupato di colmare un vuoto conoscitivo stabilendo i valori di riferimento necessari alla valutazione del rischio tossicologico (per scaricare il report completo visitare il sito EFSA.

La problematica è stata affrontata attraverso un approccio integrato con modelli che utilizzano linee cellulari e animali da laboratorio, che ha previsto:

  1. studi in vitro e studi in vivo a breve termine per gli effetti genotossici 
  2. somministrazione orale a dosi ripetute delle 2 micotossine a topi maschi e femmine, focalizzato sugli effetti genotossici e sui sistemi immunitario, endocrino e nervoso con uno screening per la tossicità riproduttiva e dello sviluppo

I risultati della ricerca hanno permesso di definire parametri tossicologici di riferimento, per BEA e ENNB, per gli animali adulti maschi e femmine e specifici per le fasi di gravidanza e sviluppo.

 

Bibliograifa
Francesca Maranghi, Roberta Tassinari, Laura Narciso, Sabrina Tait, Cinzia La Rocca, Gabriella Di Felice, Cinzia Butteroni, Silvia Corinti, Bianca Barletta, Eugenia Cordelli, Francesca Pacchierotti, Patrizia Eleuteri, Paola Villani, Ludovic Le Hegarat, Valérie Fessard, Océane Reale (2018). In vivo toxicity and genotoxicity of beauvericin and enniatins. Combined approach to study in vivo toxicity and genotoxicity of mycotoxins beauvericin (BEA) and enniatin B (ENNB). External Scientific Report 
 


Dipartimenti/Centri/Servizi

Centres Center of reference for gender medicine National center for drug research and evaluation

Target

Healthcare professional Information specialist

Content type

Document

Topics

Gender and health Gender-specific toxicology Nutrition and food safety Chemical and toxicological food safety Climate, environment and health Chemical and biological contaminants