Volume 37, no. 1, January 2024. Substance addiction. The clinical practice guideline for the treatment of tobacco and nicotine dependence: for the first time the emerging tobacco and nicotine products are included. Hepatitis delta: state of the art and new frontiers for the diagnosis and treatment. RarISS Insert. Francesco Redi, father of experimental biology and modern parasitology

Abstracts:
Substance addiction: dimension of the phenomenon
This article gives an overview of the extent of the phenomenon of certain abused substances. These data were collected in Europe and Italy on adults and adolescents. In the last year, the use of cannabinoids and the number of New Psychoactive Substances (NPS) detected on the Italian national territory by the National Early Warning System (SNAP), coordinated by the National Centre on Addiction and Doping of the Istituto Superiore di Sanità (National Institute of Health in Italy), has increased.

The clinical practice guideline for the treatment of tobacco and nicotine dependence: for the first time the emerging tobacco and nicotine products are included
The new clinical practice guideline for the treatment of tobacco and nicotine dependence, addresses for the first time the presence on the market of new products containing tobacco and/or nicotine, the consumption of which is increasing among the smokers: many become dual users (use of two products), others use more than two products at the same time (polyconsumers). The guideline targets health professionals and offers recommendations on the type of intervention for the treatment of tobacco and nicotine dependence.

Hepatitis delta: state of the art and new frontiers for the diagnosis and treatment
Hepatitis B virus/hepatitis delta virus (HBV/HDV) coinfection causes the most severe form of viral hepatitis, leading to a more rapid progression toward cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma, often requiring liver transplantation and causing liver-related death even at young age. The recent introduction of new anti-HDV drugs represents an important milestone in the treatment of HDV requiring a greater effort to implement the diagnosis and linkage to care. The PITER Platform, coordinated by the Istituto Superiore di Sanità (the National Institute of Health in Italy), is an Italian longitudinal cohort study able to collect demographic, clinical and virological data from a large number of patients with HBV infection with or without HDV coinfection from several clinical centers distributed throughout Italy. AISF and SIMIT indications on HDV management have been recently produced and National DiagnosticTherapeutic paths (PDTA) on Hepatitis B and delta coinfection within the National Hepatitis Plan of the Ministry of Health, will be available.