What is Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli (STEC)?

Escherichia coli are bacteria commonly found in the intestine of many mammals, including humans, as well as reptiles and birds. These microorganisms generally contribute to the host’s gut defence system by preventing colonization by pathogenic microorganisms.
However, some E. coli strains, such as Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), can cause severe diseases in humans. STEC are characterised by their ability to produce Shiga toxins, dangerous toxins responsible for the severe clinical manifestations of the disease in humans.