Scientific research and institutional and training activities conducted by the Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS, the National Health Institute in Italy) address various psychiatric disorders with an evidence-based, multidisciplinary approach. Schizophrenia and maniac depressive pathology, depression including perinatal and adolescent depression, obsessive compulsive disorder, anxiety syndromes, adaptation disorders, cognitive and mnemonic stress disorders are studied. Burnout, psycho-oncology, psychoneuroendocrinology and adaptation and mental health associated with aging are also studied.